Since I have had and still have the shingles, cursed, from Padua to me ....." Let them all fen plagued me! " I was missing too foo, so n'aveo poe .... So I said ... What shall I do guys? I'll Be There
siuro also because otherwise the fiber-optic bike but I am coming!
Ugh I know a fen undecided on what to do ....... So I know the
Bucci tarlucco tells me to do half ....... but to me I gracefully or Madonna Mara ..... holy balls ............ .. aiutoooooooooo !!!!!!!
Informal Economy in Western cities: the case of Rome Architecture and extreme climates
[Map of the informal markets of Rome, Magnisi '10]
Informal Economy = small scale economic activities and outside of the controls, on the basis of personal relationships and rules are not codified, and characterized by lack of division between capital and labor and low level of organization (eg self-handling of goods el'autoconsumo). Note how, within the broader category of the informal economy (along with all the economic activities that contribute to GDP without being registered and taxed), should be distinguished from the informal undeclared (legal activities that escape control and taxation) and from illegality (in any activity prohibited by criminal law).
That the informal sector is an old, indeed it can be said is that the first form of economy practiced by man, and that for most of history the informal economy has been almost exclusively until the advent, in the modern era, capitalism and the organization and formalization of the market. capitalist ideology has long spread the illusion of being able to multiply the jobs to ensure employment for all. Today we can say that has not been so and probably never will be, if it is true that the class of workers in the informal sector has started to grow wildly and is the largest in underdeveloped countries.
According to the UN, in fact, in the world about the 2 / 5 of world population working in the informal sector. The estimates increase if you take into account in developing countries: Latin America in the informal economy employs 57% of the workforce. And these numbers are constantly increasing: the underground economy is the fastest growing social class on earth. addition to growth in the number of employees, the informal sector has also crossed the borders of the third world to get through dense migration flows, including the opulent West and settle in our cities and in areas that have, at times bringing degradation and conflicts, sometimes instead of appropriating and restoring vitality spaces that we considered unnecessary.
should then not only that economists should ask about the consequences of the increasing importance of the informal sector into the global economy, but also architects and city planners rethink the consumerist functional and appropriate processes that affect .
spaces of the informal economy in Rome In Rome it is estimated the percentage of informal employment to around 2%, or about 50,000 people, divided according to the categories listed in the table provided below . Which sometimes takes on the informal sector in a Western city with a relative wealth like Rome?
A mapping of the main business activities of the immigrant community in Rome helps us to ask ourselves what are the areas which are best suited to accommodate these activities and characteristics that have:
- Spaces 'informal living, which often creates economic cycles as in large areas and occupations of disused buildings, where you create real autonomous villages with bar, laundry and barber shop, or self-built houses in the villages of generating economic cycles related to the procurement of materials and labor for the construction of artifacts, or forms of their dwelling nomadic economy. - meeting place of immigrant communities in their moments of meeting, during which rebuilding the relationships and situations typical of their country of origin, giving rise to small economic activities (markets, food, entertainment). - Spaces disposal place where the exchange of goods between immigrants and their families in countries of origin. These are also opportunities to do business by selling food, drinks or whatever.
Whatever activities are taken into account, an opinion that remains valid is that there is a close relationship between informal economy and the city, in the sense that the activities generally take place in urban public spaces and are visible to everyone. This is primarily because, failing to define the informal economy as survival strategies of those who have no access to formal employment, it is clear that this also means is impossible to access the formal economic spaces (homes, offices, factories, shops and shopping centers). The second reason is that urban public space is functional in the informal economy, not only because it provides visibility and then an immediate relationship between the agents, but also because they lend themselves to public spaces, and then uses different activities. The second consideration is that not only is there a close relationship between informal economy and the city, but also among immigrant communities and the informal economy. Immigrants, in fact, having difficulties in accessing the labor market, it is appropriate to that sector of the economy that provides services to the small indigenous community (window washers, street vendors, gas stations, night clubs etc. ..). Then there are those activities that immigrant communities play in their country: the relationship between informal economy and migrant communities, then, means that they tend to recreate in the city, albeit informal, processes and activities typical of their country of origin resulting in a circuit of informal activities in which immigrants are producers but also consumers.
L'eco della Monaco - Venezia Sentinelle del Creato
Il Forum di VII Green Accord Il "Cammino of Mary "by Monaco of Bavaria to Venice (founded by Ludwig Grassler in 1970) is a ... experiences told during the final day of the work of the seventh Forum organized by the Catholic Information Greenaccord held in Pistoia June 25 to 27 on the theme "Humanity in the path created "
About architecture in arid climates highlight the work of ' aridLANDistitute and BureauEAST in recent years have done interesting research into the possibility of developing tourism, settlements and new development in arid and semi-arid environments.
But I said to myself, I go to Livorno and puts a bib .... Yes I did the half marathon in Livorno!
So I had to do a longish workout of 2 hours, 10 so I've got slapped in the middle of the half ...! "But I did well Bucci true?"
With my teammate ERIT that she is recovering now running, a bit like me! we made friends. We kept a steady pace without overdoing it ....
I was so happy, because I love you so much running, and especially riindossare a bib ...
Everything went fine, no effort without pain in the heel .. I closed the half in 1h, 45, taking the average of 4.58. Satisfied and happy I crossed the line with my smile that I've brought along for 21km and 97 meters ...
I could be more daring, but that's okay.
After all with my friends at lunch by the legendary Scooter, Livorno restaurant where the laughs are ensured and good fish in the first place ...
Architecture and climate extremes: living at the time of desertification
= Desertification process of land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas, due to causes verie , including climatic variations and human activities [1] . The term desertification is configured so as a general land degradation in particular areas of climate, and not necessarily as the expansion of deserts (desertizzazione).
One of the effects most significant change in climate is the phenomenon of desertification of vast areas of the planet. It is not just global warming and expansion of deserts to cause this degradation and progressive decrease of water resources and soil productivity, but also many human activities, in particular excessive urbanization and environmentally incorrect (since it involves soil sealing , deforestation, high inputs of energy consumption and greenhouse gases), intensive farming practices that wear out the soil, models and lifestyles that involve unsustainable consumption of energy resources, water, food.
This means that desertification is now seen not as a phenomenon limited to certain regions historically in contact with the problem of dryness, but as an emergency that involves most of the planet and in particular new and more developed regions including the Mediterranean.
Desertification in the Mediterranean
With its 46 000 km of coastline, the region coast of the Mediterranean could rise to accommodate 96 million inhabitants in 2025 [2] , and is the destination of 33% of global tourists, which could become 300 million more in 2025. In addition, this region has to prepare to welcome millions of economic refugees pouring into these areas for sub-Saharan Africa due to, among other things, just the desertification that threatens their countries.
But the same Mediterranean region is already prey to desertification, with a drying up of soil tripled in the last 20 years and 30 million hectares affected by the phenomenon. Greece (36% of the territory), Portugal (28%) Spain (48%) and Italy (30% of the territory, mainly Puglia, Sicily, Basilicata and Sardinia) are the European countries most threatened. And in these countries than in other regions it is clear that the causes are human activities related to intensive agriculture, the tourism industry, coastal urbanization and the abandonment of territorial history, capable of proper management of resources and landscape.
New Paradigms
Global warming and drying involve a higher consumption of resources, energy and water to maintain living standards to which we are accustomed. They also have effects on climate-sensitive economies (agriculture, forestry, tourism ..) and cause the abandonment of agricultural areas and garrisons of the historical migration and, consequently, with further urbanization and demand for resources.
E 'then urgently rethink our criteria in terms of architectural and urban development, too often borrowed from northern European experience, more mature and advanced than ours, yet tuned to climatic conditions, environmental and economies other than those that are preparing to face Mediterranean regions. Instead, you must rediscover the environmental sensitivity of their traditional communities in Mediterranean re-propose the principles, along with modern technology to save energy and water, in a model of urban housing and is capable of generating sustainable adequate levels of comfort even in difficult climatic conditions such as those that lie ahead.
[1] definition proposed by the UNCCD (United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification), 1994
[2] Luciana Dolphins, Desertification and eco-refugees on the shores of the Mediterranean, Legambiente report, Civitas 2006
The MANIFESTO VILLAGES OF AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENT FOR THE COMMUNITY of the Roman
[... highly intelligent devices]
Immersed in the countryside around Rome, the Villages Agricultural are the units of a new territorial organization but, in fact, a theoretical model to be applied to areas of expansion of all Italian cities. Given their location peripheral to the center-common to many of the areas in which we build today-i farming villages are proposed as the nodes of a belt of cultivated land with gardens and orchards. Those who inhabit them may finally set against real estate speculation and consumption of agricultural land by the suburban landscape.
I farming villages are a new kind of city is no longer based the idea of \u200b\u200bneighborhood : boring island surrounded by land waiting for new development, but the idea of \u200b\u200bself-sustaining urban village , that if the Roman or Italian, has a marked predisposition farm. The farming village have the main objective of relocating the fuel, labor, culture and the production of energy within the confines of the building areas, in order to approximate the human environment and to limit costs and psychic economic life in the city.
I farming village for the management of the Roman inspired by one side to a strategy and social policy began almost 150 years ago, when Rome became the capital of Italy and began the process of rehabilitation and restocking of the Agro Romano and Latium, and secondly, a careful observation of the ways of inhabiting the city that show always unexpectedly: ridiculous habits and highly intelligent devices.
Triathlon, Duathlon, Marathon ... I do not understand anything ... +
My Group Triathlon Lucca ....... .... the field is a very strong race on Sunday.
Field Trials Triathlon race Lucca .... walk well, but I bike in the mud and grass a little less ... but I'll learn ... and then swimming ........
you remember this picture? .... PISA MARATHON!
Destination PISA MARATHON .....
I'm training for the Marathon of Pisa under the wings of the terrible BUCCI ....
I started last Sunday with 27 km, 50 minutes yesterday, today, swimming and mountain biking ...... we leave .... we hope to stand with the heel.
Sunday I will have my first Duathlon race in Lucca, I had rehearsal last Saturday on the Field competition .... a disaster ... I got th ... not yet practical with the bike on the grass .. .
you want to Pisa in many ..... .... and I'm counting on all the Santa Claus hat .... have fun ....
